.png){kind=logo}
SHORT COMMUNICATION
Occurrence, Distribution, and Population Structure of Schlumbergera Virus X in Dragon Fruit in Ecuador
AffiliationsAuthors and Affiliations
- Lisbeth Espinoza-Lozano1 †
- Martha Sumba1
- Maria G. Cañada-Bautista1
- Diego F. Quito-Avila1 2 †
- 1Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Escuela Superior Politécnica del Litoral, Guayaquil, Ecuador
- 2Centro de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas del Ecuador, Escuela Superior Politécnica del Litoral, Guayaquil, Ecuador
Published Online:29 Feb 2024https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-03-23-0445-SC
Abstract
The occurrence of Schlumbergera virus X (SchVX) in commercial dragon fruit fields in three provinces of Ecuador has been identified in this study. The virus was found in symptomatic and asymptomatic cladodes of the two major species (Hylocereus undatus and H. megalanthus) cultivated in the country. Symptoms in H. undatus included irregular and ring-shaped chlorotic spots that coalesce into large chlorotic patches along the cladodes, whereas small chlorotic spot symptoms on the cladodes were observed in H. megalanthus. Phylogenetic inferences based on 27 partial nucleotide sequences of the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) and three whole genome comparisons showed that Ecuadorean isolates from H. undatus and H. megalanthus share a most recent ancestor with isolates from Spain and Portugal. In addition, an SchVX isolate with a distinct genomic lineage was found in symptomatic H. polyrhizus plants from a single location, suggesting two independent virus introductions into the country.
Literature Cited
- 2022. New Products, New Markets: Dragon Fruit in Ecuador. IDB-TN-2302. Department of Research and Chief Economist, IDB Invest. Google Scholar
- 2022. An unwanted association: The threat to papaya crops by a novel potexvirus in northwest Argentina. Viruses 14:2297. https://doi.org/10.3390/v14102297 CrossrefWeb of ScienceGoogle Scholar
- 2019. Overall Dragon Fruit Production and Global Marketing. Food and Fertilizer Technology Center for the Asian and Pacific Region. https://ap.fftc.org.tw/article/1596 Google Scholar
- 2016. First report of Schlumbergera virus X in prickly pear (Opuntia ficus-indica) in Mexico. Plant Dis. 100:1799. https://doi.org/10.1094/pdis-11-15-1326-pdn LinkWeb of ScienceGoogle Scholar
- 2004. MUSCLE: Multiple sequence alignment with high accuracy and high throughput. Nucleic Acids Res. 32:1792‐1797. https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkh340 CrossrefWeb of ScienceGoogle Scholar
- 2023. First report of Neoscytalidium dimidiatum causing stem canker on yellow dragon fruit (Hylocereus megalantus) in Ecuador. Plant Dis. 107:1949. https://doi.org/10.1094/pdis-06-22-1403-pdn LinkWeb of ScienceGoogle Scholar
- 2021. A brief review of plant diseases caused by Cactus virus X. Crop Prot. 143:105566. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cropro.2021.105566 CrossrefWeb of ScienceGoogle Scholar
- 2007. Identification, characterization, and detection of black raspberry necrosis virus. Phytopathology 97:44‐50. https://doi.org/10.1094/phyto-97-0044 LinkWeb of ScienceGoogle Scholar
- 2009. Mechanical inoculation of plant viruses. Curr. Protoc. Microbiol. 13:16B.6.1‐16B.6.4. https://doi.org/10.1002/9780471729259.mc16b06s13 CrossrefGoogle Scholar
- 2006. Application of phylogenetic networks in evolutionary studies. Mol. Biol. Evol. 23:254‐267. https://doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msj030 CrossrefWeb of ScienceGoogle Scholar
- 2022. First report of Schlumbergera virus X in dragon fruit (Hylocereus spp.) in Spain. Plant Dis. 106:2004. https://doi.org/10.1094/pdis-09-21-1879-pdn LinkWeb of ScienceGoogle Scholar
- 2004. Molecular characterisation of potexviruses isolated from three different genera in the family Cactaceae. Arch. Virol. 149:903‐914. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00705-003-0268-5 CrossrefWeb of ScienceGoogle Scholar
- 2021. Dragon fruit: A review of health benefits and nutrients and its sustainable development under climate changes in Vietnam. Czech J. Food Sci. 39:71‐94. https://doi.org/10.17221/139/2020-cjfs CrossrefWeb of ScienceGoogle Scholar
- 2018. Pitaya Viral Diseases and their Detection Methods in Taiwan. Dragon Fruit Regional Network Initiation Workshop. 23-24 April 2018, Taipei, Taiwan. Google Scholar
- 2021. RDP5: A computer program for analyzing recombination in, and removing signals of recombination from, nucleotide sequence datasets. Virus Evol. 7:veaa087. https://doi.org/10.1093/ve/veaa087 CrossrefWeb of ScienceGoogle Scholar
- 2018. Detection of co-infection of Notocactus leninghausii f. cristatus with six virus species in South Korea. Plant Pathol. J. 34:65‐70. https://doi.org/10.5423/ppj.Nt.08.2017.0187 CrossrefWeb of ScienceGoogle Scholar
- 2014. Effect of Raspberry bushy dwarf virus, Raspberry leaf mottle virus, and Raspberry latent virus on plant growth and fruit crumbliness in ‘meeker’ red raspberry. Plant Dis. 98:176‐183. https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-05-13-0562-RE LinkWeb of ScienceGoogle Scholar
- 2008. Potexvirus. Pages 310‐313 in: Encyclopedia of Virology, 3rd ed. B. W. J. Mahy and M. H. V. van Regenmortel, eds. Academic Press, Oxford, U.K. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-012374410-4.00738-X Google Scholar
- 2015. Genome assembly of Schlumbergera virus X infecting prickly pear (Opuntia cochenillifera) in Brazil. Genome Announc. 3:e00133-15. https://doi.org/10.1128/genomeA.00133-15 CrossrefGoogle Scholar
- 2003. Multiplex RT-PCR detection of four aphid-borne strawberry viruses in Fragaria spp. in combination with a plant mRNA specific internal control. J. Virol. Methods 111:85‐93. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0166-0934(03)00164-2 CrossrefWeb of ScienceGoogle Scholar
- 2007. Identification, detection and transmission of a new vitivirus from Mentha. Arch. Virol. 152:2027-2033. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00705-007-1030-1 CrossrefWeb of ScienceGoogle Scholar
- 1988. Preparation of RNA from cotton leaves and pollen. Plant Mol. Biol. Rep. 6:253-257. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02670385 CrossrefGoogle Scholar
