RESEARCH
Fungicide Management of Pasmo Disease of Flax and Sensitivity of Septoria linicola to Pyraclostrobin and Fluxapyroxad
AffiliationsAuthors and Affiliations
- Tonima Islam1
- Cecil Vera2
- Jan Slaski3
- Ramona Mohr4
- Khalid Y. Rashid5
- Helen Booker6
- Hadley R. Kutcher1 †
- 1Department of Plant Sciences/Crop Development Centre, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5A8, Canada
- 2Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Melfort, Saskatchewan S0E 1A0, Canada
- 3InnoTech Alberta, Vegreville, Alberta T9C 1T4, Canada
- 4Brandon Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Brandon, Manitoba R7A 5Y3, Canada
- 5Ottawa Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Ottawa, Ontario K1Y 4X2, Canada
- 6Department of Plant Agriculture, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada
Published Online:5 May 2021https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-06-20-1175-RE
Abstract
Among the diseases that have the potential to cause damage to flax (Linum usitatissimum L.) every year, the fungal disease pasmo, caused by Septoria linicola, is the most important. Fungicide application and a diverse crop rotation are the most important strategies to control this disease because there is little variation in resistance among flax cultivars. However, few fungicide products are available to flax growers. Field studies were conducted at four locations in Western Canada in 2014, 2015, and 2016 to determine the effect of two fungicide active ingredients applied singly and in combination: pyraclostrobin, fluxapyroxad, and fluxapyroxad + pyraclostrobin; and two application timings (early-flower, mid-flower, and at both stages) on pasmo disease severity, seed yield, and quality of flaxseed. The results indicated that among the three fungicide treatments, both pyraclostrobin and fluxapyroxad + pyraclostrobin controlled pasmo effectively; however, fluxapyroxad + pyraclostrobin was the most beneficial to improve the quality and quantity of the seed for most of the site-years. Disease severity in the fungicide-free control was 70%, and application of fluxapyroxad + pyraclostrobin decreased disease severity to 18%, followed by pyraclostrobin (23%) and fluxapyroxad (48%). Application of fluxapyroxad + pyraclostrobin also improved seed yield to 2,562 kg ha−1 compared with 1,874 kg ha−1 for the fungicide-free control, followed by pyraclostrobin (2,391 kg ha−1) and fluxapyroxad (2,340 kg ha−1). Fungicide application at early and mid-flowering stage had the same effects on disease severity and seed yield; however, seed quality was improved more when fungicide was applied at mid-flowering stage. Continuous use of the same fungicide may result in the development of fungicide insensitivity in the pathogen population. Thus, sensitivity of S. linicola isolates to pyraclostrobin and fluxapyroxad fungicides was determined by the spore germination and microtiter assay methods. Fungicide insensitivity was not detected among the 73 isolates of S. linicola tested against either of these fungicides.
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